Expansive soil occurs in many parts of the world particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. These soils undergo volumetric changes upon wetting and drying, thereby causing ground heave and settlement problems. Cracking associated with the shrinkage is of concern for embankment and earth-dam stability. This leads to considerable construction defects if not adequately taken care of. Such soils are considered natural hazards and pose challenges to civil engineers.
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